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How Controlled Substances Are Classified

ScheduleDescriptionExamples
Schedule ISubstances for which there is no currently accepted medical use and have a high potential for abuse
  • heroin
  • LSD
  • ecstasy
Schedule IIHigh potential for abuse that could lead to dependence
  • cocaine
  • methamphetamine
  • oxycodone (OxyContin)
Schedule III Substances with moderate-to-low potential for dependence
  • codeine
  • ketamine
  • anabolic steroids
Schedule IVSubstances with a low risk for abuse and chemical dependence
  • Ambien
  • Ativan
  • Soma
  • Valium
  • Xanax
Schedule VSubstances with a lower risk of abuse and dependence than Schedule IV
  • cough medicines with codeine
  • Lomotil

Controlled substances are classified based on five separate schedules, with schedules I and II being the most serious. The nature of the drug determines the severity of the charges as well as the fines and penalties. Hard drugs such as heroin, cocaine, LSD, and methamphetamine mean stiffer legal penalties.

Factors in California Drug Crimes

Many factors can influence the penalties the courts might impose with a drug crime conviction. Here are four of the most common:

Quantity of Drugs

As the amount of the drug in question increases, so does the severity of the penalties. The law associates bigger quantities with a greater potential to do harm, so harsher punishments can be imposed with a conviction.

Type of Drug

Drugs in higher schedules such as Schedule 1 (ex. heroin) or Schedule 2 (ex. cocaine) are likely to bring harsher punishments than drugs in lower schedules.

Prior Criminal History

If you have a criminal record, it may result in harsher penalties than those a first-time offender might face.

Intent to Sell or Distribute

If you are charged with possession of a small amount of drugs for personal use, the penalties will most likely be less severe than being charged with possession with an intent to sell or distribute. Having a larger amount of the drug, as well as the presence of evidence of intent to sell or distribute, is often the difference between a misdemeanor and a felony.

Schedule a Free Consultation with Skilled Criminal Defense Attorneys Throughout California

Whether you're facing misdemeanor possession or drug trafficking charges, the California drug crime lawyers at Law House can help. We've provided legal counsel to people all over California, helping them contest charges and reduce legal penalties. Our lead criminal defense attorney will go over all of the circumstances in your case and help you make the best decision given your circumstances. To schedule a free consultation with our lawyers, contact Law House online. You can also reach our lawyers by phone at:

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